ἐπὶ
G1909
Jelentés to · upon/to/against · on
Nyelvtan ·
Szótári alak ἐπί
ἐπί [G:Prep]
upon/to/against
ἐπί (before a smooth breathing ἐπ᾽, before a rough breathing ἐφ᾽),
prep. with genitive, dative, accusative (accusative most freq. in NT),
with primary sense of superposition, on, upon.
__I. C. genitive,
__1. of place, answering the question, where?
__(a) of the place on which, on, upon: ἐπὶ (τ.) γῆς, Refs [Mat 6:10, 19, al.]; τ. κεφαλῆς, 1Co 11:10; τ. νεφελῶν, Mat 24:3o, al.; like ἐν, in constr. praegn. after verbs of motion: βάλλειν, Mrk 4:26; σπείρειν, ib. 31; ἔρχεσθαι, Heb 6:7, al.; fig., ἐπ᾽ ἀληθείας (MM, see word ἀ.); of the subject of thought or speech, Gal 3:16; of power or authority, over, πάντων, Rom 9:5: τ. γάζης, Act 8:27; ἐξουσία, Refs [Rev 2:26 20:6];
__(b) of vicinity, at, by: τ. θαλάσσης, Jhn 6:9; τ. ὁδοῦ, Mat 21:19; τοῦ βάτου, Mrk 12:26 (see Swete, in l.); with genitive of person(s), in the presence of, before, Refs [Mat 28:14, Act 23:30, 1Co 6:1, al.]
__2. Of time,
__(a) with genitive of person(s), in the time of: ἐπὶ Ἐλισαίου, Luk 4:27; ἐπὶ Κλαυδίου, Act 11:28; ἐπὶ Ἀβιάθαρ ἀρχιερέως, when A. was high priest, Mrk 2:26;
__(b) with genitive of thing(s), at, at the time of: Refs [Mat 1:11, Heb 1:2, 2Pe 3:3]; ἐπὶ τ. προσευχῶν, Refs [Rom 1:10, Eph 1:16, 1Th 1:2, Phm 4].
__II. C. dative, of place, answering the question, where?
__(a) lit., on, upon: Refs [Mat 9:16, 14:8, al.]; after verbs of motion (see supr., I, 1, (a)), Refs [Mat 9:16 Act 8:16]; above, Luk 23:38; at, by, Refs [Mrk 13:29, Jhn 5:2, Act 5:9, al.];
__(b) metaph., upon, on the ground of, Luk 4:4 (LXX); in the matter of, Mrk 6:52 (see Swete, in l.); upon, of, concerning, Refs [Act 5:35, 40]; of the ground, reason or motive (Bl., §38, 2; 43, 3), Refs [Mat 18:3 19:9, Rom 12:12, al.]; ἐφ᾽ ᾧ, for the reason that, because, Refs [Rom 5:12 2Co 5:4]; after verbs of motion, over, Refs [Mat 18:13, Rom 16:19, al.]; of a condition (cl.), Refs [Rom 8:20, 1Co 9:10]; ἐπὶ δυσὶ μάρτυσιν (see Westc. on Refs [Heb 9:10), Heb 10:28]; of purpose or aim, Refs [Eph 2:10, Php 4:10]; of authority, over, Refs [Mat 24:47 Luk 12:44]; of hostility, with dative of person(s) (cl.), against, Luk 12:52; in addition to (cl.), 2Co 7:13; of an adjunct, in, at, on, Refs [Php 1:3 2:17].
__III. C. accusative,
__1. of place of motion upon or over, answering the question, whither?
__(a) lit., upon, over: Refs [Mat 14:28, 29, Luk 5:19, al.] mult.; in NT also, answering the question, where? (as with genitive, dative), Refs [Mrk 4:38 11:2, Luk 2:25, Jhn 1:32]; ἐπὶ τ. αὐτό, Refs [Act 1:15 2:1, al.]; of motion to a vicinity, to, Refs [Mrk 16:2, Act 8:36, al.];
__(b) metaph. (in wh. \"the accusative is more widely prevalent than it strictly should be,\" Bl., §43, 1); of blessings, evils, etc., coming upon one, with accusative of person(s), Refs [Mat 10:13 12:28, Act 2:17, Jhn 18:4, Eph 5:6, al.]; of addition (dative in cl.), λύπη ἐπὶ λύπην, Php 2:27; ἐπικαλεῖν ὄνομα ἐπί (see: ἐπικαλέω), Refs [Act 15:17, Jas 2:7]; καλεῖν ἐπί, to call after, Luk 1:59; of number or degree: ἐπὶ τρίς (cl. εἰς τ.), thrice, Refs [Act 10:16 11:10]; ἐπὶ πλεῖον, the more, further, Refs [Act 4:17 2Ti 2:16 3:9] (see also infr., 2, (a)); ἐφ᾽ ὅσον (see infr., ib.), forasmuch as, Refs [Mat 25:40, 45, Rom 11:13]; of power, authority, control, Refs [Luk 1:33, Act 7:10 Rom 5:14, Heb 3:6, al.]; of the direction of thoughts and feelings, unto, towards, Refs [Luk 1:17 23:28, Act 9:35, 42, Rom 11:22, Gal 4:9, Eph 2:7, 1Ti 5:5, al.]; of purpose, for, Refs [Mat 3:7, Luk 23:48]; ἐφ᾽ ὅ πάρει (Rec. ἐφ᾽ ᾧ, Mat 26:50; of hostility, against, Refs [Mat 24:7, Mrk 3:24-26 10:11 13:8, Luk 9:5, Jhn 13:18, Act 7:54, 1Co 7:36, 2Co 1:23]; Of reference, concerning, for (cl. usually dative), Refs [Mrk 9:12 15:24, Jhn 19:24, Rom 4:9].
__2. Of time,
__(a) during, for: Luk 4:25 (WH, txt., omits ἐπί), Refs [Act 13:31 16:18, Heb 11:30, al.]; ἐφ᾽ ὅσον (χρόνον), as long as, for so long time as, Refs [Mrk 9:15 Rom 7:1, al.] (for ἐφ᾽ ὅ in another sense, see supr., 1, (b)); ἐφ᾽ ἱκανόν (see: ἱ), Act 20:11; ἐπὶ πλεῖον (see supr., 1, (b)), yet longer, further, Refs [Act 20:9 24:4];
__(b) on, about, towards (cl. εἰς): Refs [Luk 10:35 Act 3:1 4:5].
__IV. In composition, ἐπί signifies: up, ἐπαίρω; upon, ἐπίγειος, ἐπιδημέω, ὠπικαθίζω; towards, επιβλέπω, ὠπεκτείνω; over (of superintendence), ἐπιστάτης; again, in addition, ἐπαιτέω; against, ἐπιορκέω, ἐπιβουλή.
(AS)
upon/to/against
ἐπί (before a smooth breathing ἐπ᾽, before a rough breathing ἐφ᾽),
prep. with genitive, dative, accusative (accusative most freq. in NT),
with primary sense of superposition, on, upon.
__I. C. genitive,
__1. of place, answering the question, where?
__(a) of the place on which, on, upon: ἐπὶ (τ.) γῆς, Refs [Mat 6:10, 19, al.]; τ. κεφαλῆς, 1Co 11:10; τ. νεφελῶν, Mat 24:3o, al.; like ἐν, in constr. praegn. after verbs of motion: βάλλειν, Mrk 4:26; σπείρειν, ib. 31; ἔρχεσθαι, Heb 6:7, al.; fig., ἐπ᾽ ἀληθείας (MM, see word ἀ.); of the subject of thought or speech, Gal 3:16; of power or authority, over, πάντων, Rom 9:5: τ. γάζης, Act 8:27; ἐξουσία, Refs [Rev 2:26 20:6];
__(b) of vicinity, at, by: τ. θαλάσσης, Jhn 6:9; τ. ὁδοῦ, Mat 21:19; τοῦ βάτου, Mrk 12:26 (see Swete, in l.); with genitive of person(s), in the presence of, before, Refs [Mat 28:14, Act 23:30, 1Co 6:1, al.]
__2. Of time,
__(a) with genitive of person(s), in the time of: ἐπὶ Ἐλισαίου, Luk 4:27; ἐπὶ Κλαυδίου, Act 11:28; ἐπὶ Ἀβιάθαρ ἀρχιερέως, when A. was high priest, Mrk 2:26;
__(b) with genitive of thing(s), at, at the time of: Refs [Mat 1:11, Heb 1:2, 2Pe 3:3]; ἐπὶ τ. προσευχῶν, Refs [Rom 1:10, Eph 1:16, 1Th 1:2, Phm 4].
__II. C. dative, of place, answering the question, where?
__(a) lit., on, upon: Refs [Mat 9:16, 14:8, al.]; after verbs of motion (see supr., I, 1, (a)), Refs [Mat 9:16 Act 8:16]; above, Luk 23:38; at, by, Refs [Mrk 13:29, Jhn 5:2, Act 5:9, al.];
__(b) metaph., upon, on the ground of, Luk 4:4 (LXX); in the matter of, Mrk 6:52 (see Swete, in l.); upon, of, concerning, Refs [Act 5:35, 40]; of the ground, reason or motive (Bl., §38, 2; 43, 3), Refs [Mat 18:3 19:9, Rom 12:12, al.]; ἐφ᾽ ᾧ, for the reason that, because, Refs [Rom 5:12 2Co 5:4]; after verbs of motion, over, Refs [Mat 18:13, Rom 16:19, al.]; of a condition (cl.), Refs [Rom 8:20, 1Co 9:10]; ἐπὶ δυσὶ μάρτυσιν (see Westc. on Refs [Heb 9:10), Heb 10:28]; of purpose or aim, Refs [Eph 2:10, Php 4:10]; of authority, over, Refs [Mat 24:47 Luk 12:44]; of hostility, with dative of person(s) (cl.), against, Luk 12:52; in addition to (cl.), 2Co 7:13; of an adjunct, in, at, on, Refs [Php 1:3 2:17].
__III. C. accusative,
__1. of place of motion upon or over, answering the question, whither?
__(a) lit., upon, over: Refs [Mat 14:28, 29, Luk 5:19, al.] mult.; in NT also, answering the question, where? (as with genitive, dative), Refs [Mrk 4:38 11:2, Luk 2:25, Jhn 1:32]; ἐπὶ τ. αὐτό, Refs [Act 1:15 2:1, al.]; of motion to a vicinity, to, Refs [Mrk 16:2, Act 8:36, al.];
__(b) metaph. (in wh. \"the accusative is more widely prevalent than it strictly should be,\" Bl., §43, 1); of blessings, evils, etc., coming upon one, with accusative of person(s), Refs [Mat 10:13 12:28, Act 2:17, Jhn 18:4, Eph 5:6, al.]; of addition (dative in cl.), λύπη ἐπὶ λύπην, Php 2:27; ἐπικαλεῖν ὄνομα ἐπί (see: ἐπικαλέω), Refs [Act 15:17, Jas 2:7]; καλεῖν ἐπί, to call after, Luk 1:59; of number or degree: ἐπὶ τρίς (cl. εἰς τ.), thrice, Refs [Act 10:16 11:10]; ἐπὶ πλεῖον, the more, further, Refs [Act 4:17 2Ti 2:16 3:9] (see also infr., 2, (a)); ἐφ᾽ ὅσον (see infr., ib.), forasmuch as, Refs [Mat 25:40, 45, Rom 11:13]; of power, authority, control, Refs [Luk 1:33, Act 7:10 Rom 5:14, Heb 3:6, al.]; of the direction of thoughts and feelings, unto, towards, Refs [Luk 1:17 23:28, Act 9:35, 42, Rom 11:22, Gal 4:9, Eph 2:7, 1Ti 5:5, al.]; of purpose, for, Refs [Mat 3:7, Luk 23:48]; ἐφ᾽ ὅ πάρει (Rec. ἐφ᾽ ᾧ, Mat 26:50; of hostility, against, Refs [Mat 24:7, Mrk 3:24-26 10:11 13:8, Luk 9:5, Jhn 13:18, Act 7:54, 1Co 7:36, 2Co 1:23]; Of reference, concerning, for (cl. usually dative), Refs [Mrk 9:12 15:24, Jhn 19:24, Rom 4:9].
__2. Of time,
__(a) during, for: Luk 4:25 (WH, txt., omits ἐπί), Refs [Act 13:31 16:18, Heb 11:30, al.]; ἐφ᾽ ὅσον (χρόνον), as long as, for so long time as, Refs [Mrk 9:15 Rom 7:1, al.] (for ἐφ᾽ ὅ in another sense, see supr., 1, (b)); ἐφ᾽ ἱκανόν (see: ἱ), Act 20:11; ἐπὶ πλεῖον (see supr., 1, (b)), yet longer, further, Refs [Act 20:9 24:4];
__(b) on, about, towards (cl. εἰς): Refs [Luk 10:35 Act 3:1 4:5].
__IV. In composition, ἐπί signifies: up, ἐπαίρω; upon, ἐπίγειος, ἐπιδημέω, ὠπικαθίζω; towards, επιβλέπω, ὠπεκτείνω; over (of superintendence), ἐπιστάτης; again, in addition, ἐπαιτέω; against, ἐπιορκέω, ἐπιβουλή.
(AS)
ἐπ᾽ PREP
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Ἐπ᾽ PREP
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ἐπί PREP
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ἐπὶ PREP
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ἐφ᾽ PREP
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